![]() It shows that more than 99.70% of pathogens receive UV dose larger than 4.47 J/m2, leading to an almost 89.10% disinfection rate for SARS-CoV-2 virus within one hour using the two LED modules in the same meeting room. In addition to the pathogen used in the experiments, the disinfection performance of the LED module for inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 virus based on the literature is investigated numerically. Simulations for two LED modules show that the disinfection efficacy is more than two times compared to that of one LED module. The results show that more than 76% and 85% of the pathogen can be inactivated within 60 and 90 min, respectively, in a meeting room with a volume of 107 m3 by using one LED module. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) radiation has been studied by several researchers and used extensively for over 40 years in the disinfection of water, air, laboratories, pharmaceutical products, and surfaces in general against human pathogens. Both experiments and simulations are carried out to study its disinfection performance. The GermAwayUV 55 watt mountable UVC surface sanitizer can be used in a single unit or multi unit modular type application where more fixtures are needed. However, existing products mainly use the lamps with doped quartz envelope that absorbs 185 nm photons to prevent the formation of potentially dangerous ozone. An LED module is designed with LED panels as the basic unit so that it is easy to scale up to accommodate for air ducts with different sizes. Electrical discharge of low pressure mercury vapor mainly emits 254 nm ultraviolet light C (UVC) and 185 nm VUV light. In this paper, we have developed Ultraviolet-C (UVC) light-emitting diode (LED) modules which can be implemented in air ducts in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system for airborne disinfection. It is necessary to prepare and stay resilient with some other techniques to improve air quality in buildings, especially in clinics and hospitals. Lastly, we tried to find the possibility of combining the NDOM MF with disinfection by an ultraviolet light emitting diode (UVC LED) to further guarantee the high quality of treated water while providing high process efficiency.Given the current coronavirus (COVID-19) situation around the world, we may have to face a long-term battle with coronavirus. It was also the case for a low-temperature MF test, revealing the NDOM MF is highly effective regardless of temperature changes. Amalgam UVC lamps provide up to ten times the UV power density of conventional low-pressure mercury lamps and can even be used at high ambient temperatures of up to 90☌. According to the MF test using polystyrene surrogate beads with diameters of 3 and 8 μm, an MF membrane with a 0.8 μm mean pore size was the best in that it showed 52% to 146% higher water fluxes than a 0.45 μm MF membrane while maintaining the removal rate at 3-4 log. Amalgam UVC lamps with Heraeus Longlife Technology offer disinfection performance which is virtually constant over the lamp operating life. Fixtures are installed to prevent direct UV exposures to people in the room. ![]() Invisible to the human eyes, it is lethal to bacteria & viruses because of its. This kills airborne pathogens in the room where they are released. UV-C light is a proven disinfectant against viruses, bacteria, molds and spores. In this study, we optimized the mean pore size of MF membranes to maximize the producibility and guarantee a high removal rate simultaneously and proposed the membrane filtration using an MF membrane with an optimum mean pore size larger than but close to dissolved organic matter (DOM), which is called near DOM MF (NDOM MF). Upper-room UVGI refers to a disinfection zone of UV energy that is located above people in the rooms they occupy. ![]() However, 0.45 μm is too small to separate protozoa which are 4-6 μm (Cryptosporidium oocyst) or 8-15 μm (Giardia cyst) in size. Microfiltration (MF) membranes with a mean pore size same as or smaller than 0.45 μm have been typically used to separate pathogenic protozoa in water since materials larger than 0.45 μm are considered particulates.
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